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How are amines made?

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Amines can be synthesized by reacting ammonia with an alkyl halide and neutralizing the resulting alkyl ammonium salt with an alkali, e.g., sodium hydroxide. This procedure yields a mixture of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines that is easily separated into its three components by fractional distillation. Amines can also be prepared by the reaction of ammonia with an alcohol or by the reduction of any of a variety of compounds containing nitrogen in a higher oxidation state.

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