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What is Basra's history of occupation?

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The British occupied Basra during World War I and used its port; they remained there until 1930. After World War I the construction of a rail line to Baghdad and the building of a modern harbor restored the city's importance. Due to its location on the heavily contested Shatt al Arab waterway, Basra was hard hit by Iranian forces in the 1980s during the Iran-Iraq War . The port was further bombed by western coalition forces in the Persian Gulf War (1991), primarily to thwart covert trade.

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