How are corner reflector arrays used in space?

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Several U.S. Apollo missions and one Soviet Lunakhod lunar probe deployed corner reflector arrays on the lunar surface. When the arrays are illuminated by laser beams originating from the earth, precise measurements of the roundtrip travel time of the light permit the calculation of the earth-moon distance to an accuracy of 6 in. (15 cm). Such measurements also are used to determine the moon's orbit with greater accuracy, to record perturbations in the moon's motion caused by meteorite impacts, and to ascertain the length of an earth day.

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Similar questions: Corner reflector arrays allow the calculation of the earth-moon distance to what accuracy? Which U.S. space missions used corner relflector arrays? [ Hide these questions ]

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