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Who was England's main enemy under Elizabeth I?

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By that time Spain had emerged as England's main enemy. English sailors had been unofficially encouraged to encroach on Spanish monopolies and raid Spanish shipping. In 1588, Philip launched the long-planned expedition of the Spanish Armada as a great Catholic crusade against Protestant England. The Armada was defeated by the skill of such leaders as John Hawkins and Francis Drake and by storms, rather than planning on Elizabeth's part, but the victory strengthened English national pride and lowered the prestige of Spain. An indecisive war with Spain dragged on until Elizabeth's death.

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Similar questions: What was the role of the Spanish Armada in the conflict between England and Spain during Elizabeth I's reign? Was England at war with Spain under Elizabeth I? What was England's relationship to Spain under Elizabeth I? [ Hide these questions ]

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