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Was Kars occupied by Russia?

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In 1828, 1855, and 1877 the city was occupied by Russia and together with the surrounding region was ceded to Russia by the Congress of Berlin in 1878. By a peace treaty (1921) between the nationalist Turkish government of Kemal AtatŸrk and the USSR, Kars and Ardahan were returned to Turkey.

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Similar questions: Was Kars returned to Turkey? When were the Kars returned to Turkey? Who ceded Kars to Russia? Did Kars occupy Russia? [ Hide these questions ]

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