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A companion of Fridtjof Nansen on the voyage across Greenland in 1888 and on Nansen's later (1893-96) polar expedition, Sverdrup was leader of an arctic expedition (1898-1902) that attempted to reach the North Pole by way of Smith Sound but failed because of ice in Kennedy Channel. However, valuable topographical observations were made in N Greenland; the unknown western part of Ellesmere Island was explored and charted, and Axel Heiberg Island and other areas were discovered.
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